Pentalgin 

{Pain Relief / Against Temperature and Headache} 

★The drug has analgesic, antispasmodic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties. Pentalgin is successfully used as a means of symptomatic treatment in the treatment of colds associated with feverish conditions. 

★Release form and composition 

Dosage form - film-coated tablets: capsule-shaped, biconvex, from light green to green, with beveled edges, on one side - risk, on the other - stamping "PENTALGIN"; a tablet on a cut of light green color with white inclusions (2, 6, 10 or 12 tablets in a blister strip packaging, in a carton pack of 1 or 2 packs).

Active substances in the composition of 1 tablet:

•     Paracetamol - 325 mg;
•     Pheniramine maleate - 10 mg;
•     Naproxen - 100 mg;
•     Drotaverine Hydrochloride - 40 mg;
•     Caffeine - 50 mg.

Additional ingredients: giproloza (hydroxypropylcellulose) (klutsel EF), magnesium stearate, croscarmellose sodium, potato starch, microcrystalline cellulose, talc, butylhydroxytoluene (E321), citric acid monohydrate, indigo carmine (E132), quinoline yellow dye (E104).

The composition of the film shell: polysorbate 80 (twin 80), povidone (medical weight medium polyvinylpyrrolidone), talc, titanium dioxide, hypromellose (hydroxypropylmethylcellulose), indigo carmine (E132), quinoline yellow dye (E104).

★Pharmacological effect

Pentalgin is a combination medicine that has anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, analgesic and antispasmodic action.

    Paracetamol is an antipyretic and analgesic substance, the action of which is caused by inhibition of cyclooxygenase in the central nervous system and a direct effect on the centers of thermoregulation and pain in the hypothalamus.

    Naproxen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug with pronounced antipyretic and analgesic properties.

    Pheniramine belongs to the group of histamine H1 receptor blockers. It is an antispasmodic with a slight sedative effect. Enhances the analgesic properties of naproxen and paracetamol.

    Drotaverine has a myotropic antispasmodic effect, which is caused by the suppression of the activity of the enzyme phosphodiesterase-4.

    Caffeine stimulates the expansion of blood vessels in the heart, kidneys and skeletal muscles, improves physical endurance and mental performance, eliminates drowsiness and fatigue, and also increases the bioavailability of non-narcotic painkillers. It tones the vessels of the brain.

★Indications for use

What helps? Pentalgin is indicated for pain relief:

    Caused by spasm of smooth muscles (according to the instructions, Pentalgin is effective, including, in renal colic, cholelithiasis, chronic cholecystitis, dysfunction of the sphincter of Oddi and several other diseases).

    Dental, headache (including pain associated with spasm of blood vessels in the brain), muscle or joint pain, as well as pain caused by algomenorrhea, neuralgia, etc.

    Emerging against the background of injuries and surgical operations (including when pain is accompanied by the development of the inflammatory process).

In addition, Pentalgin can be used for colds, which are accompanied by febrile syndrome (used as a symptomatic antipyretic and analgesic).

★Contraindications for Pentalgin

Contraindications include:

•     severe renal failure;
•     gastrointestinal bleeding;
•     severe arterial hypertension;
•     oppression of bone marrow hematopoiesis;
•     hyperkalemia;
•     frequent ventricular premature beats;
•     individual intolerance of the components included in the composition of the medicine;
•     erosive and ulcerative lesions of the digestive system in the acute stage;
•     condition after coronary artery bypass surgery;
•     severe organic diseases of the cardiovascular system (for example, myocardial infarction);
•     a combination of recurrent polyposis of the paranasal sinuses, nose, and also bronchial asthma on the background of hypersensitivity to acetylsalicylic acid or other nonsteroidal agents;
•     paroxysmal tachycardia;
•     age up to 18 years.

It is not recommended to take Pentalgin during pregnancy, as well as during breastfeeding. With extreme caution, the drug Pentalgin is prescribed in old age and in such conditions as: peripheral artery diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, alcoholic liver damage, epilepsy, early-stage hepatic and renal failure, diabetes mellitus, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, susceptibility to seizure disorders , viral hepatitis, ulcerative lesions of the digestive system in history and benign hyperbilirubinemia.

★Use during pregnancy and lactation

Pentalgin is contraindicated for use in pregnant women. The active ingredients contained in the tablet can adversely affect the laying of the internal organs of the fetus and cause developmental abnormalities.

Since the components of the drug Pentalgin can be excreted in breast milk, the use of this drug to nursing mothers is contraindicated. If it is necessary to treat a woman, she should stop breastfeeding the baby and temporarily transfer it to an adapted milk formula.

★Dosage and method of use

The instructions for use indicate that Pentalgin prescribed by mouth for 1 tab. 1-3 times / day The maximum daily dose - 4 tab.

The duration of treatment is no more than 3 days as a febrifuge and no more than 5 days as an anesthetic. Continuation of drug treatment is possible only after consulting a doctor.

Do not exceed the indicated dose of Pentalgin.

★Side effects of Pentalgin

With the development of hypersensitivity reactions may appear rash on the skin (urticaria) and Quincke edema develop.

Possible side effects of Pentalgin:

•     hyperreflexia;
•     shiver;
•     dizziness;
•     headache;
•     insomnia;
•     abdominal pain;
•     noise in ears;
•     reduced acuity;
•     rapid breathing;
•     inhibition of hemopoiesis (manifested by anemia, thrombocytopenia and leukopenia);
•     hypertension (increased pressure);
•     heart rhythm disorders;
•     heartbeat;
•     tachycardia;
•     psycho-emotional arousal;
•     unmotivated anxiety;
•     concentration disorder;
•     dyspeptic disorders;
•     lesions of the mucous membranes of the digestive organs (erosion and ulcers);
•     decrease in the functional activity of the liver and / or kidneys;
•     skin inflammatory reactions (dermatitis).

If at least one of these symptoms develops, treatment with the drug Pentalgin should be stopped and the side effects should be reported to the doctor.

★Overdose

In cases of the use of tablets for a long time, overdose may occur in high doses, which is accompanied by symptoms: pale skin, anorexia, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, gastrointestinal bleeding, agitation, anxiety, confusion, tachycardia, arrhythmia, hyperthermia, increased urination, headaches pains, tremor, seizures, and so on.

More severe forms of overdose are: development of liver failure with increasing encephalopathy, arrhythmia, pancreatitis, coma, death.

Typically, treatment includes: gastric lavage, taking activated carbon, the introduction of a specific antidote - acetylcysteine ​​or other drugs, depending on the symptoms.

★special instructions

Before you start using Pentalgin, read the specific instructions:

    During the period of treatment should not consume alcoholic beverages.

    Paracetamol distorts the results of laboratory studies of glucose and uric acid in plasma.

    When using the drug Pentalgin for more than 5-7 days, it is necessary to monitor the indicators of peripheral blood and the functional state of the liver.

    The effect of caffeine on the central nervous system depends on the type of nervous system and can manifest itself as excitation and inhibition of higher nervous activity.

    If necessary, determine the 17-ketosteroids Pentalgin should be canceled 48 hours before the study. Note that naproxen increases bleeding time.

    It is necessary to avoid the simultaneous use of the drug Pentalgin with other agents containing paracetamol and / or NSAIDs, as well as with means to alleviate the symptoms of cold, flu and nasal congestion.

During the period of treatment, the patient must be careful when driving vehicles and engaging in other potentially hazardous activities that require increased concentration and psychomotor speed.

★Drug interactions

When using Pentalgin, you must consider the interaction with other drugs:

    Prolonged use of barbiturates reduces the effectiveness of paracetamol.

    With the simultaneous use of paracetamol with ethanol increases the risk of acute pancreatitis.

    Inhibitors of microsomal oxidation (including cimetidine) reduce the risk of hepatotoxic action of paracetamol.

    Paracetamol enhances the effect of indirect anticoagulants and reduces the effectiveness of uricosuric drugs.

    Simultaneous consumption of caffeinated beverages and other CNS stimulants can lead to excessive stimulation of the CNS.

    With simultaneous use of drotaverine can weaken the anti-Parkinsonian effect of levodopa.

    While taking the drug Pentalgin with barbiturates, tricyclic antidepressants, rifampicin, ethanol, the risk of hepatotoxic action increases (these combinations should be avoided).

    Naproxen can cause a decrease in the diuretic effect of furosemide, enhance the effect of indirect anticoagulants, increase the toxicity of sulfonamides and methotrexate, reduces the elimination of lithium and increases its concentration in blood plasma.

    With simultaneous use with diflunisal plasma concentration of paracetamol increases by 50%, which increases the risk of developing hepatotoxicity.

    With simultaneous use of feniramin with tranquilizers, hypnotics, MAO inhibitors, ethanol, it is possible to increase the inhibitory effect on the central nervous system.

    With the combined use of caffeine and barbiturates, primidone, anticonvulsants (derivatives of hydantoin, especially phenytoin), it is possible to increase metabolism and increase the clearance of caffeine; while taking caffeine and cimetidine, oral contraceptives, disulfiram, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin - a decrease in the metabolism of caffeine in the liver (slowing its excretion and increasing blood concentrations).

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